First record of Philometra katsuwoni (Nematoda, Philometridae), a parasite of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (Perciformes, Scombridae), off South American Atlantic Coast / Primeiro registro de Philometra katsuwoni (Nematoda, Philometridae), parasitando Katsuwonus pelamis (Perciformes, Scombridae), ocorrentes ao largo da Costa Atlântica da América do Sul

The nematode Philometra katsuwoni Petter & Baudin-Laurencin, 1986, a gonad-infecting parasite of Katsuwonus pelamis (Linneaus 1758), originally described from the Gulf of Guinea, is reported for the first time from the coastal zone of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. As compared with the original description, the males of the Brazilian material are generally somewhat larger and their right spicule and the gubernaculum are longer. The subgravid female is described for the first time. It is characterized by the anterior inflation of the esophagus and by the presence of two distinct caudal lobes.

Philometra katsuwoni Petter & Baudin-Laurencin 1986, nematóide parasito do ovário de Katsuwonus pelamis (Linneaus 1758), originalmente descrito no Golfo da Guiné, é referido pela primeira vez na zona costeira do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Comparados com a descrição original, os machos do material brasileiro são um pouco maiores e possuem o espículo direito e o gubernáculo mais longos. A fêmea subgrávida é descrita pela primeira vez. Ela se caracteriza pela região anterior do esôfago inflada e pela presença de dois lobos caudais distintos.

New data on species of Demidospermus (Dactylogyridae: Monogenea) parasitizing fishes from the reservoir of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, Parana State, Brazil, with new synonymies / Novos dados sobre Demidospermus (Dactylogyridae: Monogenea) parasitas de peixes do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipú, Estado do Paraná, Brasil, com novas sinonimias

Eight known species of Demidospermus (Dactylogyridae, Monogenea) were collected from siluriform fishes from reservoir of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, Paraná, Brazil. Four of them are recorded for the first time in Brazil, enlarging their geographical distribution: Demidospermus armostus, Demidospermus anus, Demidospermus bidiverticulatum and Demidospermus valenciennesi. Demidospermus labrosi is synonymized with Demidospermus cornicinus and Demidospermus mandi with Demidospermus leptosynophallus and reported from two new hosts. Demidospermus paravalenciennesi and Demidospermus uncusvalidus were also collected.

Oito espécies de Demidospermus (Dactylogyridae, Monogenea) foram coletadas de peixes Siluriformes do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipú, Paraná, Brasil. Quatro dessas são registradas pela primeira vez no Brasil, aumentando sua distribuição geográfica: Demidospermus armostus, Demidospermus anus, Demidospermus bidiverticulatum e Demidospermus valenciennesi. Demidospermus labrosi é considerada sinônima de Demidospermus cornicinus e Demidospermus mandi sinônima de Demidospermus leptosynophallus e registradas em dois novos hospedeiros. Foram também coletados exemplates de Demidospermus paravalenciennesi e Demidospermus uncusvalidus.

First record in South America of Didymosulcus palati and Didymosulcus philobranchiarca (Digenea, Didymozoidae) with new hosts records and pathological alterations

Two species of Didymozoidae, Didymosulcus palati (Yamaguti 1970) and Didymosulcus philobranchiarca (Yamaguti 1970) were reported for the first time in South America, Atlantic Ocean, parasitizing three different tuna species from the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Thunnus atlanticus (Lesson), Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre) and Thunnus obesus (Lowe). Pairs of D. philobranchiarca were found on gill arches of T. albacares and T. obesus, in longitudinal rows of yellow cysts located inside grooves in the hard denticle palate (new site) of the three hosts species studied, and as disperse groups of cysts in the operculum (new site) and gill arches of T. atlanticus (new host record). D. palati occurred as disperse groups of encysted worm pairs in the gill arches of T. albacares and T. obesus and in gill arches and operculum of T. atlanticus (new host record). The pathological alterations induced by D. philobranchiarca in the palate of T. atlanticus are described for the first time. Original measurements and figures are presented.

Prevalência de helmintos parasitos dos peixes do açude Pereira de Miranda e dos viveiros do DNOCS (Pentecoste, Ceará, Brasil)

Foi realizada uma avaliação da helmintofauna dos peixes do Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas, DNOCS,Pentecoste, Ceará, Brasil. Foram examinados 568 peixes pertencentes a 27 diferentes espécies em abril de 1996, agosto de1998, novembro de 2000 e abril de 2002, coletados no Açude Pereira de Miranda e nos vivieiros do Centro de PesquisasRodolfo Von Ihering. Do total de peixes examinados, 164 (28,87%) encontravam-se parasitados por helmintos, incluindoMonogenea, Cestoda, Digenea e Nematoda, isolados ou em associações. Monogenea apresentou o mais alto índice deprevalência de parasitismo (20,7 % ).

Schistosoma mansoni: ação da lovastatina no modelo murino / Schistosoma mansoni: the action of lovastatin on the murine model

Aimed to evaluate the lovastatin action on Schistosoma mansoni oviposition, infected mice with 100 plus minus 10 cercariae of the LE strain were used. Thirty days after infection the animals were treated with 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of lovastatin, per os, during five consecutive days and then sacrificed 7, 15, 30 or 60 days after treatment. We analyzed: distribution of worms in mesenteries and liver; mortality of worms in the liver; alteration of the oogram; eggs counting in the jejunum and liver; presence of intrauterine eggs and morphology of the worms from the treated and control groups (infected and not treated animals). Significant statistical differences were found between treated and control groups when the presence of intrauterine eggs was considered and also, alteration on the oogram, eggs at different stages of development in jejunum, liver and in the body length of males and females. The morphological study of the worms showed that the degenerative modifications occurred, mainly in the reproductive system, with reduction and alteration of the viteline follicles and the ovary of the females. Also modifications in the males testicles were observed. The results suggest that the drug under study reduces, considerably, the female S. mansoni, oviposition increases the worms' size, leads to alteration in the reproductive system of males and females. It also may induce death of a significant part of the worm populations at the dose of 400mg/kg.

Avaliaçäo terapêutica do artesunato na infecçäo experimental pelo Schistosoma mansoni / Therapeutical evaluation of the artesunate in experimental Schistosoma mansoni

Camundongos infecfados experimentalmente com Schistosoma mansoni foram tratados, em dose oral única, com artesunato (LACTAB ), 300 ou 500mg/kg ou durante cinco dias consecutivos. Os animais foram sacrificados 7, 30, 60 ou 90 dias após o tratamento. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram encontradas na distribuiçäo e mortalidade dos vermes e na alteraçäo do oograma nos grupos tratados quando comparados ao controle, em todos os esquemas testados quando os animais foram sacrificados 30 dias após o tratamento. A análise morfológica dos vermes mostrou alteraçöes no aparelho reprodutor feminino com diminuiçäo do volume ovariano, rarefaçäo dos folículos vitelínicos, alteraçöes estas mais acentuadas nas dosagens mais altas, justificando o encontro na alteraçäo do oograma que chegou a 100 por cento. Entretanto, quando os animais foram sacrificados 60 ou 90 dias após o tratamento, as diferenças e alteraçöes foram menores, mostrando que os vermes sobreviventes se recuperaram e reiniciaram a postura

Ultrastructural observations of the vitelline cells of Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Monogenea, Microcotylidae)

An electron microscopic study of the vitelline follicles of Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander, 1954) Karatha, 1955 showed that they are composed of cells in different stages of development. The immature cells have a large nucleus, nucleolus, cytoplasm with free ribosomes and few mitochondria. The development vitelline cells present granules which are small in the early stages, increasing with maturity. The mature cells have an extensive granular endoplasmic reticulum and droplets of shell-protein; with maturation, clusters of shell protein and yolk bodies are formed and released in the ciliated vitelline ducts. Vitelline development is continuous and all of the cellular stages involved can be found in each follicle.

Redescription of Prosthenhystera obesa (Diesing, 1850) (Callodistomidae, Digenea) with new host records and data on morphological variability

Prosthenhystera obesa (Diesing, 1859) Travassos, 1992 from the gall bladder of Astyanax bimaculatus, Caranx gibbosus, Galeocharax humeralis, Leporinus copelandii, Pimelodus fur, Pseudopimelodus roosevelti, Salminus brevidens, Salminus maxillosus and from the new hosts. Cynopatamus amazonum and Triurobrycon lundii is redescribed demonstrating a large morphological variation, mainly in body and testes size and shape. New hosts harbouring immature specimens of P. obesa are presented: Brycon sp., Leporellus vittatus, Pachvurus squamipinnis, Pimelodus clarias, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans and Salminus hilarii. Scanning electron microscopy micrographies, original figures and measurements of adult and immature specimens from different Brazilian hosts and localities presented.

Ultrastructure of the tegument of Prosorhynchoides arcuatus (Linton, 1900) Bray, 1984 (Trematoda, Bucephalidae)

The tegument of the adult form of Prosorhynchoides arcuatus (Linton, 1900) (Trematoda, Bucephalidae) from the intestine of Pomatomus saltator (L.) from the Atlantic coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The tegument consists of two layers: an external, constituted by a syncytium, containing spines, unicilliated papilae, inclusion bodies and mitochondria and an internal, consisting of a muscular layer and mononucleated tegumental cells.

Ultrastructural aspects of spermatogonesis in Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander, 1954) Koratha, 1955 (Monogenea; Microcotylidae)

Ultrastructural aspects of spermatogenesis, spermiogenesis and of the mature spermatozzon of a microcotylid monogenean Metamicrocotyla macracantha parasite from Mugil liza, are described. The irregularly-shaped spermatogonia divides by successive mitoses, forming the primary spermatocytes, identified by the presence of synaptonemal complexes in their nuclei. The spermatids formed by meiotic cell divisions of the secondary spermatocytes, differentiate into a mature spermatozoon. Cross sections of the head and the middle region of mature spermatozoa show the nucleus with strong condensed chromatin, the mitochondria with short cristae, peripheral microtubules and two axonemes with a 9+1 pattern, confirming the characteristics of this genus.

Scanning electron microscopic study of Prosorhynchoides arcuatus (Linton, 1990) (Bucephalidae: Digenea)

Prosorhynchoides arcuatus (Linton, 1900) from the intestine of Pomatomus saltator (L.) from the Atlantic coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro is studied by scanning electron microscopy, with detailed description of tegumental spines. Comments on the synonymy of this species with Bucephalopsis callicotyle Kohn, 1962 are made. The tegument of adult P. arcuatus presents scale like and serrated spines and uniciliated sensory papillae, distributed over the body surface and is compared with other digenetic trematodes.

New host records and localities of some Monogenea from brazilian marine fishes with scanning electron microscopy of Bicotylophora trachinoti (Mac Callum, 1921)

Bicotylophora trachinoti (Mac Callum, 1921) from Trachinotus carolinus L.; Pseudanthocotyloides heterocotyle (Van Beneden, 1871) from Cetengraulis edentulus (Cuvier), and Decapterus punctatus (Cuvier), new host records; Pseudomazocraes selene Hargis, 1957 from Selene vomer (L.) and Caranx latus Agassiz, new host record, are reported for the first time in Brazil from the coast of Rio de Janeiro State. The marine fishes Diplectrum sp. and Pomatomus saltatrix (L.) are respectively new host records for Pseudotagia cupida (Hargis, 1956) and Macrovalvitrema sinaloense Caballero & Bravo Hollis, 1955. Measurements, original figures and photos in scanning electron microscopy of B. trachinoti are presented. The egg with filaments is reffered for the first time in the genus Pseudanthocotyloides

Desciption of Cribomazocraes travassosi n. sp. (Monogenea: Mazocraeidae), a fish parasite from the Atlantic Ocean

Cribomazocraes travassosi n. sp. is described from Harengula clupeola (Cuvier, 1829) from Rio de Janeiro, coast, Brazil. It differs from C. nagibinae, Mamaev, 1981 in the size and shape of opisthohaptor and lappet and in the smaller size of anchors. From C. bychowskyi it also differs in the extension of vittelaria. A key for the species of the genus is presented

Activity of the artemether in experimental schistosomiasis mansoni

The action of the ether artemisinin (artemether) on Shistosoma mansoni in mice and the hansters experimentally infected with the LE strain was studied. In mice, the drugs showed high schistosomicidal activity using a single intramuscular dose of 100 mg/Kg/day. By the oral route, this dose showed a low activity. Mice treated with a single intramuscular dose of 200 mg/Kg/day, and examined 15 days after treatment, presented 100% alteration of the oogram; when examined 45 days after treatment, the oogram was normal. With doses of 100 mg/Kg/day, i.m., during 3 or 5 consecutive days, the death rate of mice was very high. Morphologic analysis of the worms collected by perfusion of mice treated with a single dose of 100 mg/Kg/day, i.m., detected a marked decrease in the length of male and female forms, degenerative alterations in the parenchyma and in the reproductive system of the females, with reduction of vitellinic material and in ovary volume; the intestinal contents presented a marked despigmentation. In the male worms signifcant alteration was not apparent by optical microscopy.

Monogenea parasites of Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) (Pisces, Sciaenidae) from the littoral of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

From the gills of 100 Micropogonia furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) from Atlantic coast of Rio de Janeiro State, were recovered Macrovalvitrema sinaloense Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1955, Pterinotrematoides mexicanum Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1955, Rhamnocercus rhmnocercus Monaco, Wood & Mizelle, 1954 and Encotyllabe spari Yamaguti, 1934. M. furnieri represents a new host record for them and a new geographical dsitribution is referred for M. sinaloense, P. mexicanum and R. rhmnocercus.

First report of Mazocroeoides georgei price, 1936 and Mazocraeoides opisthonema Hargis, 1955 in Brazil with new synonysms (Monogenea, Mazocraeidae)

Mazocraeoides georgei Price, 1936 e Mazocraeoides opisthonema Hargis, 1955 säo referidos pela primeira vez no Brasil em Brevoortia aurea (Spix,1829) e em Harengula clupeola (Cuvier,1929) respectivamente, peixes clupeídeos do litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que representam novos hospedeiros. Mazocraeoides olentagiensis Sroufe, 1958 and Mazocraeoides hargisi, Price, 1961 säo considerados novos sinônimos de Mazocraeoides georgei

Helminth parasites of fishes from the hydroeletric power station of eletrosul (Brazil). I: Procamallanus petterae n. sp. and Spirocamallanus pintoi n. sp. (Nematoda, Camallanidae) from the reservoir of -Salto Osório-

Säo descritos Procamallanus petterae n. sp. paradito de Plecostomus albopunctatus e Spirocamallanus pintoi n. sp. de Corydors paleatus. P. petterae diferencia-se das demais espécies do gênero por apresentar cápsula bucal sem estrias, com cinco estruturas em forma de dentes na base e quatro estruturas em forma de placas próximo da margem anterior; relaçäo do comprimento do esôfago muscular/glandular 1:1,4; espículos curtos com 21 e 16 mironum de comprimento respectivamente e terminaçäo caudal afilando-se abruptamente e terminando em ponta, em ambos os sexos. S. pintoi n. sp. caracteriza-se por possuir cápsula bucal com 6 a 8 espirais no macho e 9 a 10 na fêmea, ocupando somente 2/3 do comprimento da cápsula; comprimento do esôfago glandular mais de duas vezes o muscular e espículos curtos, direito medindo 94 micronm e esquerdo 82 micronm de comprimento. S. pintoi n. sp. é mais próxima de S. hilarii (Vaz & Pereira, 1934) e de S. incarocai (Freitas & Ibanez, 1970), das quais se diferencia principalmente pelo menor número de espirais na cápsula bucal

Helmintos parasitos de peixes das usinas hidreléticas da Eletrosul (Brasil). II: Reservatórios de Salto Osório e de Salto Santiago, Bacia do Rio Iguaçu / Helminth parasites of fishes from the hydroelectric power station of \"Eletrosul-(Brazil). II: -Salto Osório\" and \"Salto Santiago\" reservoirs, Iguaçu River basin

Na Usina Hidrelátrica Salto Osório foram examinados 88 peixes, dos quais 24 (27,3%) encontravam-se parasitados por oito espécies de nematóides: Capillaria sp., formas imaturas de Contracoecum sp., Procamallanus peraccuratus Pinto et al., 1976, Procamallanus petterae Kohn & Fernandes, 1988, Raphidascaris sp., Spirocamallanus intermedius Pinto et al., 1974, Spirocamallanus pintoi Kohn & Fernandes, 1988 e Spirocamallanus sp., além de uma forma imatura de cestóide. Na Usina Hidrelétrica de Salto Santiago, dos 83 peixes examinados, 32 (38,5%) apresentaram-se parasitados por três espécies de nematóides: Contracoecum sp. (forma larvar), Procamallanus peraccuratus e Raphydascaris sp., e uma especie de cestóide (forma larvar)

Estudo comparativo dos helmintos parasitos de peixes do rio Mogi Guassu, coletados nas excursöes realizadas entre 1927 e 1985 / Comparative study of helminth parasites of fisles from Mogi Guassu river, collected during expeditions between 1927 and 1985

Este trabalho abrange o parasitismo por nematóides, acantocéfalos, trematódeos e cestóides de 1027 peixes pertencentes a 45 espécies do rio Mogi Guassu, examinados nos anos de 1927, 1946, 1947, 1962, 1983 e 1985, como uma contribuiçäo ao conhecimento da fauna parasitária em 58 anos. Säo relacionadas 32 espécies de nematóides, 21 de trematódeos, três de acantocéfalos e duas de cestóides. Säo referidos novos hospedeiros para Cucullanus pinnai, Spirocamallanus inopinatus e Travnema travnema, para o trematódeo Pararhipidocotyle jeffersoni e para o acantocéfalo Gorytocephalus spectabilis. Säo apresentadas medidas adicionais de Creptotrema lynchi, tabelas, gráficos e a lista dos hospedeiros examinados e seus parasitos